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对已有的img镜像文件如何扩容

2025-09-07 08:42:54

记录一下：对于已经存在img镜像文件，常用于linux系统的文件。有时候镜像文件太小了，想加入一些新的大的内容时空间不够，重新生成文件太麻烦并拷贝内容比较麻烦和耗时。记录一下如何在虚拟机的环境下通过简单命令，快速进行扩容和验证的方法。

1，已有的镜像文件为Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img，大小8GB

ls -l /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 8388608000 8月 27 12:56 /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

2，扩容（在virtualbox环境下ubuntu的环境下）

2.1 增加空间

qemu-img resize /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img +3G

WARNING: Image format was not specified for '/mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img' and probing guessed raw.

Automatically detecting the format is dangerous for raw images, write operations on block 0 will be restricted.

Specify the 'raw' format explicitly to remove the restrictions.

Image resized.

ls -l /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

-rwxrwx--- 1 root vboxsf 11737309184 9月 25 09:12 /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

2.2 强制检查镜像文件信息

e2fsck -f /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

e2fsck 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img: 190002/524288 files (0.1% non-contiguous), 1821503/2079122 blocks

2.3 拓展分区和文件系统

resize2fs /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img

resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)

Resizing the filesystem on /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img to 2865554 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img is now 2865554 (4k) blocks long.

2.4 检查并仿真下模拟

sudo mount /mnt/C/workspace/Ubuntu-22.04-arm64-desktop.img ubuntu

./chroot-mount.sh -m ubuntu

MOUNTING

root@dcic:/# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/loop2 11174712 7051956 3533268 67% /

tmpfs 2002732 0 2002732 0% /run

udev 1957808 0 1957808 0% /dev

root@dcic:/# exit

exit

./chroot-mount.sh -u ubuntu

备注：chroot-mount.sh内容

dcic@dcic:~/workspace$ cat ./chroot-mount.sh

#!/bin/bash

function mnt() {

echo "MOUNTING"

sudo mount -t proc proc ${2}/proc

sudo mount -t tmpfs tmpfs ${2}/run

sudo mount -o bind /sys ${2}/sys

sudo mount -o bind /dev ${2}/dev

#sudo mount -o bind /run ${2}/run

# sudo mount --bind / ${2}host

# sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ${2}/usr/bin/

sudo chroot ${2}

}

function umnt() {

echo "UNMOUNTING"

sudo umount ${2}/proc

sudo umount ${2}/sys

sudo umount ${2}/run

sudo umount ${2}/dev

# sudo umount ${2}host

}

if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ] ;

then

mnt $1 $2

elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];

then

umnt $1 $2

else

echo ""

echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"

echo ""

echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"

echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with trailing '/')"

echo ""

echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard/"

echo ""

echo 1st parameter : ${1}

echo 2nd parameter : ${2}